Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41883796›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2026

Sporicidal and bactericidal efficacy of plasma-treated liquids based on reaction kinetics of peroxynitrous acid.

Alexander Pogoda, Veronika Hahn, Klaus-Dieter Weltmann, Juergen F Kolb

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Alexander PogodaLeibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Greifswald, Germany.
Veronika HahnLeibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Greifswald, Germany.
Klaus-Dieter WeltmannLeibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Greifswald, Germany.
Juergen F KolbLeibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Greifswald, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Plasma-treated aqueous solutions have proven effective for the inactivation of bacteria and even dormant spores. However, reported efficacies vary considerably across setups and experimental conditions. Consequently, different reactive species formed during treatment and their specific reaction kinetics are considered to be responsible. Their individual contribution to microbial inactivation depends on a thorough understanding of the underlying chemical processes. We found that the buffer capacity of an aqueous solution strongly influences the concentrations of reactive species required for effective microbial inactivation. Conversely, the temporal evolution of reactions allows for the optimization of bactericidal and sporicidal efficacy. Methods: Using time-resolved Results: The availability and concentration of peroxynitrous acid (ONOOH) proved crucial for the antimicrobial activity of the liquid. ONOOH generation depends on hydrogen peroxide (H Discussion: Simulations reproduced these experimental trends, confirming three distinct kinetic regimes: a pre-reaction window (before ONOOH formation), a main reaction window (dominated by ONOOH production), and a post-reaction window (defined by decomposition).

Indexed as

antimicrobial efficacybacterial sporesbuffer capacityEscherichia coliperoxynitrous acidplasma-treated liquidsreaction kineticsreactive oxygen and nitrogen species

Identifiers

PMID41883796
PMCPMC13008925

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.