ArticleInfection and drug resistance2026
Temporal Disease Sequence and Prognostic Outcomes in Patients with Coexisting Lung Cancer and Tuberculosis: A 123-Patient Retrospective Cohort Study.
Article in Infection and drug resistance, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: The concurrent presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and lung cancer presents significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, with limited evidence guiding clinical management. To address this, we introduced a novel temporal disease-sequence classification. This study aimed to characterize clinical phenotypes and prognostic factors based on this sequence. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 123 patients with confirmed TB and lung cancer at our center (2017-2023). Patients were classified by diagnostic sequence: Simultaneous Coexistence (TB-LC, n=70), Post-TB Lung Cancer (TB→LC, n=35), and Post-LC TB (LC→TB, n=18). Outcomes included demographics, symptom profiles, treatment patterns, and overall survival (OS). Statistical analyses employed Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox regression. Results: Striking intergroup differences were observed. The TB-LC group showed the highest symptom burden (87.14, P=0.007) and chemotherapy utilization (50.00%, P=0.029). OS did not differ significantly (log-rank P=0.276), though median survival varied (TB-LC: 32 months; LC→TB: 57 months; TB→LC: not reached). Multivariable analysis identified surgery (HR=0.34, 95% CI 0.13-0.92) and anti-TB therapy (HR=0.48, 95% CI 0.24-0.97) as protective factors, while advanced stage predicted mortality (HR=6.24, 95% CI 2.27-17.14). Conclusion: Temporal disease sequence influences clinical presentation and treatment selection in TB-lung cancer patients. Surgical resection and anti-TB strategies improve outcomes, highlighting the need for integrated management protocols.
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