ArticleThe journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global2026
Dynamic associations of neighborhood social and physical environment with ED visits for asthma: A spatial change score analysis.
Article in The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: A growing number of studies identified risk factors for asthma in neighborhood social and environmental contexts. Yet, there is a lack of comprehensive knowledge about the time-varying relationship between neighborhood environmental and socioeconomic factors and asthma outcomes. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the variations in neighborhood environmental, socioeconomic, and demographic characteristics; to investigate the census tracts in Los Angeles County where emergency department (ED) visits for asthma increased; and to identify neighborhood characteristics whose change contributed to alleviating or exacerbating the burden of asthma in health care use. Methods: Using an ecological, retrospective study design, we applied a change score method, spatial regression and geographic information system analysis to examine time-varying effects of neighborhood characteristics in Los Angeles County. Results: The average ED visits for asthma showed modest increases. Despite of overall improvements in neighborhood socioeconomic status, no beneficial impact of neighborhood socioeconomic status was found except median household income. Increased median household income was associated with a decrease in ED visits in socioeconomic domain. Increased particulate matter with diameter <2.5 μm (PM Conclusions: This study identified PM
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