Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41883212›Full record

ArticleJournal of veterinary internal medicine2026

Pilot study on the safety of swine immunoglobulin in dogs as a substitute for human intravenous immunoglobulin.

Sophie Strome, Jillian Smith, Namita Sinha, Santosh Kumar, Scott Strome, Jin Wang, Kellie Brown, Elizabeth A Fitzpatrick

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Sophie StromeLake Forest Animal Hospital, Gaithersburg, MD, United States.ORCID 0009-0007-7009-7505
Jillian SmithSmall Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States.ORCID 0009-0008-4854-7140
Namita SinhaPharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States.ORCID 0009-0005-1348-0562
Santosh KumarPharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-7846-5674
Scott StromeINTcRON, LLC, Memphis, TN, United States.
Jin WangDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, UTHSC, Memphis, TN, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-2071-3326
Kellie BrownDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, UTHSC, Memphis, TN, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-6729-5323
Elizabeth A FitzpatrickDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, UTHSC, Memphis, TN, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-4149-3764

Funding

University of Tennessee Research Foundation Maturation Grant
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTherapeutic strategies are needed to treat immune-mediated diseases in dogs. Human intravenous immunoglobulin (hIVIG), approved to treat inflammatory diseases in humans, has been used in dogs with some success in some immune-mediated hematologic and dermatologic disorders. However, cost, supply issues, and safety concerns have limited studies in dogs. HYPOTHESIS/

objectivesEvaluate the feasibility of swine immunoglobulin G (SwIgG) in healthy dogs as a replacement for hIVIG. ANIMALS: Three healthy female beagles.

methodsSwine IgG purified by column chromatography and injected SC into beagle dogs with or without intradermal injections at predetermined time points. The dogs were observed for up to 3 weeks with blood collected for clinical chemistry, hematology, and cytokine analysis. Clinical monitoring included heart rate, temperature, and respiratory rate.

resultsInjection of 1 dose (1 g/kg) of SwIgG resulted in vomiting after injection that resolved with treatment; no other clinical signs were observed over the 3-week period. One beagle that received a single dose of 0.2 g/kg SwIgG had a reaction and was removed from the second trial. The third beagle received 3 serial doses of 0.5 g/kg SwIgG with no adverse reaction throughout the 3-week period. Clinical chemistry in all dogs indicated slight increase in creatine kinase activity, C-reactive protein concentration, and aspartate aminotransferase activity which returned to normal by day 7 postinjection. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: It is feasible to use SwIgG in dogs and additional studies to investigate its use as an adjunctive treatment for immune-mediated disorders are warranted.

Indexed as

Immunoglobulin GImmunoglobulins, IntravenousAnimalsDog DiseasesDogsFemaleHumansPilot ProjectsSwineImmunoglobulin GImmunoglobulins, Intravenousanti-inflammatory therapyautoimmunecanineimmune-mediated disease

Identifiers

PMID41883212
PMCPMC13018772

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.