Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41882872›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of veterinary medical science2026

The 2025 outbreak of equine influenza among draft horses at Obihiro Racecourse, Hokkaido, Japan.

Natsuko Fukumoto, Makoto Shibata, Mayu Hayashi, Kyoko Kawauchi, Yukiko Yabuuchi, Yasuhiro Oue, Ryota Matsuyama, Takehisa Yamamoto, Hiroshi Mita, Nanako Kawanishi and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of veterinary medical science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Natsuko FukumotoAthena Integrative Veterinary Care for Ban'ei Race Horse, Hokkaido, Japan.
Makoto ShibataAthena Integrative Veterinary Care for Ban'ei Race Horse, Hokkaido, Japan.
Mayu HayashiAthena Integrative Veterinary Care for Ban'ei Race Horse, Hokkaido, Japan.
Kyoko KawauchiHokkaido Tokachi Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Hokkaido, Japan.
Yukiko YabuuchiHokkaido Tokachi Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Hokkaido, Japan.
Yasuhiro OueHokkaido Tokachi Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Hokkaido, Japan.
Ryota MatsuyamaEpidemiology and Arbovirus Group, Division of Transboundary Animal Disease Research, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Ibaraki, Japan.
Takehisa YamamotoEpidemiology and Arbovirus Group, Division of Transboundary Animal Disease Research, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Ibaraki, Japan.
Hiroshi MitaEquine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi, Japan.
Nanako KawanishiEquine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi, Japan.
Hiroshi BannaiEquine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi, Japan.
Koji TsujimuraEquine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi, Japan.
Takashi YamanakaMiho Training Center Racehorse Clinic, Japan Racing Association, Ibaraki, Japan.
Manabu NemotoEquine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In 2025, an outbreak of equine influenza occurred among draft horses at Obihiro Racecourse in Hokkaido, Japan. The number of horses showing clinical signs increased dramatically in April. The proportion affected was significantly higher in 2-year-olds than in older groups. The proportion that developed fever during the outbreak was significantly higher than that observed among Thoroughbreds during the 2007 outbreak. In non-epidemic periods, the geometric mean hemagglutination inhibition antibody titer of 2-year-old draft horses was significantly lower than that of 2-year-old Thoroughbreds. These draft horses had received fewer vaccinations than the Thoroughbreds. Less frequent vaccination likely led to a lower antibody titer and a higher final attack rate in the 2-year-olds and in the overall draft horse population.

Indexed as

Disease OutbreaksHorse DiseasesInfluenza A Virus, H3N8 SubtypeOrthomyxoviridae InfectionsAnimalsAntibodies, ViralHorsesInfluenza VaccinesJapanAntibodies, ViralInfluenza Vaccinesequine influenzahorseJapanoutbreakvaccination

Identifiers

PMID41882872
PMCPMC13183505

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.