ArticleBMC pediatrics2026
Role of Th17/Treg immune balance in assessment of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia severity and its discriminatory value for asthma in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.
Article in BMC pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveSome studies propose that asthma is a clinical complication of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP). This study explored the role of Th17/Treg immune balance in assessing disease severity in children with MPP and analyzed its ability to distinguish asthma complications in MPP.
methodsMPP children (n = 249) and healthy children as controls (n = 120) were enrolled. General baseline data were collected. Th17 and Treg cells were detected, and the Th17/Treg ratio was calculated. IL-17/IL-6/IL-10/TGF-β1 levels were assessed. A logistic regression model was established, and an ROC curve was plotted.
resultsThe proportion of peripheral blood Th17 cells, serum IL-17 and IL-6, and the Th17/Treg ratio were higher, while the proportion of Treg cells and serum IL-10 and TGF-β1 were lower in children with MPP. The Th17/Treg imbalance was more pronounced in severe MPP than in mild MPP. The Th17/Treg ratio had an AUC of 0.845 for predicting severe MPP. Children with severe MPP complicated by asthma exhibited higher serum IL-17 and Th17/Treg ratios compared to those without asthma; their Treg cell proportion and serum IL-10 levels were lower. The AUC of the combined detection of the Th17/Treg ratio, serum IL-17, and serum IL-10 for distinguishing severe MPP children with or without asthma was 0.823, which was significantly higher than that of serum IL-17 or IL-10 alone. An elevated Th17/Treg ratio was an independent risk factor for asthma in severe MPP.
conclusionChildren with MPP complicated by asthma exhibit more severe disease, characterized by exacerbated peripheral blood Th17/Treg immune imbalance. Combined assessment of the Th17/Treg ratio, IL-17, and IL-10 aids in distinguishing whether severe MPP patients have comorbid asthma.
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