Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41882575›Full record

ArticleBMC infectious diseases2026

Epidemiology of nosocomial infections in ECMO patients in Qatar: the CLEAN-Q seven-year retrospective cohort study : CLEAN-Q stands for clinical landscape and epidemiology of acquired nosocomial infections in ECMO patients in Qatar.

Ali Ait Hssain, Fatemeh Bahramnezhad, Amir Vahedian-Azimi, Mahmood Salesi, Hicham Raïq, Abrar Abdelrahman, Asma'a AlMulla, Walid Kouidri, Alaa Al-Qadhi, Nassima Zerouali and 9 more

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Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Ali Ait HssainMedical Intensive Care Unit (MICU)/ECMO Team, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar.
Fatemeh BahramnezhadNursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Amir Vahedian-AzimiNursing Care Research Center, Clinical Sciences Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. amirvahedian63@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1678-7608
Mahmood SalesiChemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Hicham RaïqDepartment of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Abrar AbdelrahmanCollege of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Asma'a AlMullaCollege of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Walid KouidriCollege of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Alaa Al-QadhiCollege of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Nassima ZeroualiCollege of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Latifa AlkhayyatCollege of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Abderrezzaq SoltaniCollege of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Ibrahim AbdelsalamMedical Intensive Care Unit (MICU)/ECMO Team, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar.
Muna AlshammariCollege of Nursing, Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, Shuwaikh Educational Complex Kuwait, Asima, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
Morteza IzadiHealth Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Abbas Ali Imani FooladiApplied Microbiology Research Center, Biomedicine Technologies Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Abdelali AgouniCollege of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Elie AzoulayMédecine Intensive et Réanimation, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Louis, University of Paris, Paris, France.
Michael DarmonMédecine Intensive et Réanimation, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Louis, University of Paris, Paris, France.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundExtracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) is a critical rescue therapy complicated by high rates of nosocomial infections (NIs). While Western data abound, evidence from the Middle East remains limited. This study examined the epidemiological patterns, predictors, and outcomes of NIs among ECMO patients in Qatar.

methodsThis retrospective cohort study analyzed adult patients supported with ECMO at Hamad General Hospital (2014-2021). Clinical and microbiological data were retrieved according to ELSO definitions. Primary outcomes included mortality at ECMO weaning, ICU, and hospital discharge. Multivariable logistic regression and competing-risks models were employed to identify predictors of infection and survival.

resultsAmong 172 patients (mean age 41.2 ± 13.3 years), 55.2% developed NIs (65.5 episodes/1,000 ECMO days), predominantly respiratory (51.2%) and bloodstream infections (30.2%). The microbial landscape was characterized by multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae (18%), and Candida auris (7.4%). Multivariable analyses identified obesity and tracheostomy as independent factors associated with improved survival across all discharge tiers. Competing-risks regression further supported these findings, indicating that tracheostomy was associated with reduced infection-related mortality hazards, while obesity correlated with lower non-infection mortality risks.

conclusionsThis inaugural Middle Eastern cohort highlights a substantial burden of nosocomial infections driven by a resistant Gram-negative and fungal pathogen profile. The observed survival advantages associated with obesity and tracheostomy suggest potential favorable phenotypes that warrant further prospective investigation to guide regional risk stratification and management strategies.

Indexed as

Cross InfectionExtracorporeal Membrane OxygenationAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedQatarRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsCritical careEpidemiologyExtracorporeal membrane oxygenationMiddle EastNosocomial infectionsObesityQatarTracheostomy

Identifiers

PMID41882575
PMCPMC13141393

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.