Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41880506›Full record

ArticleScience advances2026

Pixelated electrically reconfigurable metasurfaces for intelligent thermal emission control.

Xiu Liu, Hyeonggyun Kim, Zexiao Wang, Xinyi Fang, Yibai Zhong, Tianyi Huang, Muchuan Chen, Gianluca Piazza, Sheng Shen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Xiu LiuDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.ORCID 0009-0000-1802-691X
Hyeonggyun KimDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6961-7146
Zexiao WangDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2170-6112
Xinyi FangDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0631-3580
Yibai ZhongDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.ORCID 0009-0007-5741-9151
Tianyi HuangDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.ORCID 0009-0000-7644-8088
Muchuan ChenDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.ORCID 0009-0004-8537-2117
Gianluca PiazzaDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1970-5847
Sheng ShenDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9951-0814

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The era of intelligent machines demands advanced hardware capable of high-density data collection and processing within compact platforms. Thermal-infrared emission, with its dual functionalities of heat and light, enables promising applications in optical data acquisition and information processing. However, the inherent stochastic nature and slow thermal response speed of thermal emission limit practical applications. In this work, we demonstrate electrically programmable, pixelated metasurfaces based on GeTe phase-change materials that enable dynamic and localized control of thermal-infrared emission. By integrating GeTe into hybrid plasmonic meta-atoms with strong field confinement, we achieve fast, nonvolatile switching with large optical contrast using minimal active material. This approach allows multidimensional tunability, establishing a versatile platform for reconfigurable photonic systems with high integration density, adaptive functionality, and embedded intelligence.

Identifiers

PMID41880506
PMCPMC13015891

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.