Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41880139›Full record

ArticleAMB Express2026

Process optimization of compound fermented traditional Chinese medicine and its feeding effect on dairy cows.

Man Zhang, Zhiyi Zhao, Zhewei Zhang, Yanting Sun, Yu Kang, Hui Ma, Yuchang Ning, Xiaozhan Zhang, Fayin Tang, Zhanyong Wei and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in AMB Express, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Man ZhangCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Zhiyi ZhaoCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Zhewei ZhangCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Yanting SunCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Yu KangCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Hui MaProbiotics Bio-transformation Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Yuchang NingProbiotics Bio-transformation Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Xiaozhan ZhangCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Fayin TangCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Zhanyong WeiCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Chuanzhou BianCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450046, China. chuanzhou-bian@126.com.
Hongxing QiaoCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450046, China. zzmzqhx@163.com.

Funding

Henan Province Modern Agriculture Pig System Traditional Chinese Medicine Antibiotic Substitution Position Expert Project HARS-22-12-G2Key Research and Development Project of Henan Province 251111110700ostdoctoral research funds of Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy M4080004
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study evaluated the efficacy of a compound fermented traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation in dairy cows. Five TCMs and three probiotics were selected from 25 candidate herbs and six probiotics based on in vitro antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli using agar well diffusion and paper disc diffusion methods. The five TCMs were formulated according to the "Jun-Chen-Zuo-Shi" principle, and the optimal solid-state fermentation process was identified through single-factor and orthogonal experiments. The results showed that the optimal conditions included a Bacillus subtilis: Bacillus coagulans: Lactobacillus plantarum ratio of 1:3:1, a moisture content of 32%, an inoculation rate of 10%, a temperature of 31 °C, and a fermentation duration of 5 d. HPLC was used to examine changes in bioactive compound levels before and after fermentation. Fermentation significantly increased the concentrations of Resveratrol, Salvianolic acid B, and Quercetin, whereas the Polydatin content decreased. To determine in vivo effects, the fermented TCM was fed to dairy cows, and the indices of production performance, milk quality, serum biochemical levels, immune function, antioxidant capacity, and hormone levels were evaluated. Additionally, the changes in intestinal flora were analyzed by sequencing rectal contents using 16 S rRNA. The results showed that fermented TCM could improve the production performance of dairy cows and milk quality, enhance humoral immunity, strengthen antioxidant capacity, induce modest shifts in gut microbiota composition, and regulate metabolism. This study provides reliable experimental evidence supporting the development and application of compound fermented TCM as a functional feed additive in dairy production.

Indexed as

Compound fermented traditional Chinese medicineDairy cowsMicrobial floraMilk quality

Identifiers

PMID41880139
PMCPMC13287534

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.