ArticleThe Australian & New Zealand journal of obstetrics & gynaecology2026
Birth Parameters, Neonatal and Obstetric Outcomes of Mothers With Gestational Diabetes Treated With Diet and Insulin: A Retrospective Study.
Article in The Australian & New Zealand journal of obstetrics & gynaecology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a health concern with growing prevalence internationally. A limited number of studies have explored the differences in neonatal and obstetric outcomes between various GDM treatment groups with conflicting results.
aimsThe aim of this study is to evaluate the differences in newborn birth parameters, obstetric and neonatal outcomes between mothers with diet-treated and insulin-treated GDM. MATERIAL AND
methodsNeonatal outcomes and birth parameters from 4188 women and obstetric outcomes from 2356 women were divided into diet-only and insulin treated groups and analysed for differences.
resultsMost neonatal and obstetric outcomes were similar between the groups, except for large for gestational age (LGA) neonates (17% vs. 10%, p < 0.001), macrosomia (11% vs. 10%, p < 0.1), neonatal hypoglycaemia (18% vs. 14%, p < 0.01) and gestational age (39.0 vs. 38.6 weeks, p < 0.001), which were higher in the insulin group. Insulin-treated GDM is a positive predictor for birth head circumference (β = 0.3, p < 0.001), length (β = 0.5, p < 0.001), weight (β = 103.3, p < 0.001), LGA (OR 1.6 [95% CI 1.4-2.0], p < 0.001) and macrosomia (OR 1.4 [95% CI 1.1-1.8], p < 0.01) but a negative predictor for gestational age (β = -0.3, p < 0.001) and neonatal hypoglycaemia (OR 0.8 [95% CI 0.7-0.9], p < 0.01).
conclusionsInsulin-treated GDM was a positive predictor of birth parameters, LGA, and macrosomia. Further studies may compare the outcomes against various treatment selection criteria to evaluate the adequacy of current treatment guidelines.
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