ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2026
Optimizing ovine brucellosis serodiagnosis: evaluation of recombinant
Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Brucellosis, a major zoonosis caused by Methods: Four recombinant Results: Evaluation of single antigens revealed that rOmp19 had 100% sensitivity (20/20; 95% CI: 83.2%-100%) and the highest AUC (0.9931), but moderate specificity (93.62%; 95% CI: 89.1%-96.5%). Conversely, rOmp2b, rOmp31, and rBP26 each showed 100% specificity (95% CI: 98.2%-100%) with lower sensitivity (85%; 95% CI: 62.1%-96.8%) and AUCs (0.9547, 0.9498, and 0.9645). Multi-antigen formulations improved overall diagnostic balance. The two-antigen combination (rOmp19 + rBP26) increased specificity to 98.04% (95% CI: 95.0%-99.5%) while maintaining 90.0% sensitivity (95% CI: 68.3%-98.8%; AUC = 0.9841). The three-antigen cocktail (rOmp19 + rOmp31 + rBP26) achieved the optimal profile, retaining 100% sensitivity, elevating specificity to 99.51% (95% CI: 97.3%-99.9%), and yielding the best AUC among the multi-antigen combinations (AUC = 0.9850). Notably, adding a fourth antigen (rOmp19 + rOmp2b + rOmp31 + rBP26) substantially impaired performance, reducing sensitivity to 70%, specificity to 92.65%, and AUC to 0.8711. Conclusion: The three-antigen combination (rOmp19 + rOmp31 + rBP26) identified in this study achieves an optimal balance between sensitivity and specificity, supporting its potential to enhance the performance of brucellosis serodiagnosis. This work provides experimental evidence and constitutes an important step toward the development of multi-antigen iELISA-based brucellosis detection kits. However, further validation and optimization are required before clinical or field application.
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