ReviewInfection and drug resistance2026
From Antibiotic Resistance to Bacterial Vaccines: A New Approach to Controlling Resistant Bacterial Infections.
Review in Infection and drug resistance, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Urinary Tract Infections: Etiology and Emerging Therapeutic Approaches.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the major threats to global health, with a complex and diverse underlying mechanism. Vaccines reduce the dependence on antimicrobial agents by preventing and treating bacterial and viral infections, as well as secondary infections caused by both, thereby lowering the risk of AMR. Unlike traditional antibiotics, bacterial vaccines trigger a long-lasting immune response that not only prevents bacterial infections but also inhibits the spread of resistant strains. They show significant advantages in reducing antibiotic use and lowering resistance risks. However, the development of bacterial vaccines faces several challenges, including the diversity of bacterial antigens, rapid evolution, and the difficulty of achieving broad-spectrum immune protection. Despite these challenges, advancements in vaccine technology and the optimization of delivery systems are making the application prospects of bacterial vaccines in combating resistant strains increasingly promising. We sequentially discuss resistance mechanisms, existing and emerging vaccine platforms, enabling technologies, and future perspectives.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.