ArticleBMJ open2026
Effectiveness and sustainability of physical activity interventions for non-Hispanic African American and black women in the USA: umbrella review protocol.
Article in BMJ open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionDespite the well-established benefits of regular physical activity, only a small percentage of African American (AA) women meet national physical activity guidelines. This population faces unique cultural, social and environmental determinants that contribute to low participation rates. In response, various interventions have been developed to promote physical activity. While individual studies and reviews have examined these interventions, the evidence remains fragmented and of inconsistent quality. An umbrella review, or a review of reviews, provides a comprehensive method for summarising this body of literature. This protocol outlines the methods for conducting an umbrella review of physical activity interventions targeting AA women living in the USA. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A comprehensive search will be conducted in the Web of Science Core Collection, Social Sciences Full Text, SportDiscus, CINAHL, PubMed, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Evidence Synthesis, grey literature and relevant reference lists. Eligible articles published in English through September 2025 will be screened independently by >2 reviewers. Data extraction, analysis and quality assessment will follow. The AMSTAR 2 (A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2) and JBI recommendations for umbrella reviews will be used to assess methodological quality. The Corrected Covered Area will be used to characterise the overlap of primary studies across reviews. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This umbrella review synthesises published data and does not involve human subjects, so ethics approval is not required. We will follow established guidance and best practice for transparency and integrity in evidence synthesis. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations, community-partner briefs, open materials (eg, search strategies and data extraction templates) and in an Open Science Framework repository.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.