Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41877332›Full record

Observational studyBMJ open2026

What do patients think about home-based testing for better asthma diagnosis? Insights from a qualitative study.

Binish Khatoon, Joanna Smith, Stephen Fowler, Angela Simpson, Clare Murray, Ran Wang

Abstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in BMJ open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Binish KhatoonDivision of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine (DIIIRM), School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Joanna SmithSchool for Health and Social Care, Sheffield Hallam University/Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.
Stephen FowlerCentre for Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Angela SimpsonDivision of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine (DIIIRM), School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Clare MurrayDivision of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine (DIIIRM), School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8961-8055
Ran WangDivision of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine (DIIIRM), School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK ran.wang-2@manchester.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3324-969X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAsthma is misdiagnosed in one-third of patients . Due to its variable nature, international guidelines recommend performing key diagnostic tests during symptomatic periods or in the morning to improve accuracy. Limited access to timely clinic appointments and community-based diagnostics makes this difficult. Handheld spirometry and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) are feasible for home use, enabling timely and flexible testing.

objectiveTo explore patients' views on performing spirometry and FeNO at home during the asthma diagnostic process.

designA qualitative study using semistructured interviews. Data were analysed using the framework approach.

settingThis prospective observational study was conducted at a National Institute for Health and Care Research Clinical Research Facility, based within a large National Health Service Trust, as part of the Rapid-Access Diagnostics for Asthma (RADicA) study (ISRCTN11676160).

participantsA purposive sample of 15 symptomatic adult patients with general practitioner-suspected asthma who were referred for diagnostic evaluation of the condition; all patients were given home spirometry and FeNO devices during their diagnostic processes.

resultsThree themes emerged from the analysis: 'Perceived value of, and burdens of home testing', 'Views on device usability and acceptability' and 'Information and support needs'. Home testing was generally welcomed by patients as a way of improving their understanding of their condition and enabling an accurate diagnosis of their symptoms. Key barriers (eg, testing frequency, lack of privacy) and enablers to improve feasibility (eg, training and support) were also identified.

conclusionThis study provides valuable insights into the barriers and enablers of home-based diagnostic strategies for asthma. Findings can inform service design and implementation approaches to enhance the feasibility and effectiveness of home testing. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ISRCTN11676160.

Indexed as

AsthmaFractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide TestingSpirometryAdultAgedFemaleHumansInterviews as TopicMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesQualitative ResearchAsthmaDigital TechnologyFeasibility StudiesQUALITATIVE RESEARCHTelemedicine

Identifiers

PMID41877332
PMCPMC13034331

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.