ReviewBMC pediatrics2026
Tacrolimus-induced interstitial lung injury in a pediatric cardiac transplant recipient: a case report and literature review.
Review in BMC pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundTacrolimus-induced interstitial lung injury (TI-ILI) is a rare but potentially fatal adverse effect of calcineurin-inhibitor therapy. To our knowledge, TI-ILI has not previously been reported in a paediatric heart-transplant recipient. CASE PRESENTATION: A 6-year-old boy with PLN-related dilated cardiomyopathy underwent orthotopic heart transplantation. Maintenance immunosuppression comprised tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil and prednisone. On post-operative day 13 he developed bilateral ground-glass opacities with interlobular septal thickening on chest CT. Broncho-alveolar lavage metagenomics showed only low-abundance Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii; extensive microbiological, cardiac work-up was negative. Infiltrates progressed despite targeted antibiotics, but resolved within 4 weeks after tacrolimus was replaced by cyclosporine and corticosteroids were doubled. No relapse occurred during 6 months of follow-up.
conclusionsTI-ILI should be considered in any heart transplant recipient with unexplained progressive bilateral pulmonary infiltrates. Early tacrolimus withdrawal and prompt corticosteroid therapy are associated with complete recovery; re-exposure to tacrolimus is contraindicated.
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