Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41877139›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2026

Years of Life Lost due to the 2015 Gorkha earthquake in Nepal.

Margo Tonnelier, Damien Delforge, Manisha Panta Bhandari, Brecht Devleesschauwer, Juanita A Haagsma, Grant Ma Wyper, Emilie Castin, Niko Speybroeck, Periklis Charalampous

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Margo TonnelierInstitute of Health and Society (IRSS), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium. margo.tonnelier@uclouvain.be.
Damien DelforgeInstitute of Health and Society (IRSS), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium.
Manisha Panta BhandariInstitute of Health and Society (IRSS), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium.
Brecht DevleesschauwerDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium.
Juanita A HaagsmaDepartment of Public Health, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Grant Ma WyperSchool of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Emilie CastinInstitute of Health and Society (IRSS), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium.
Niko SpeybroeckInstitute of Health and Society (IRSS), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium.
Periklis CharalampousInstitute of Health and Society (IRSS), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium.

Funding

USAID/BHA 72OFDA20CA00072
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInformation on Years of Life Lost (YLL) is instrumental in determining the mortality impact of disasters at the population level. YLL due to the 2015 Gorkha earthquake in Nepal, along with associated demographic disparities, has not yet been systematically studied. We therefore estimated YLL due to the 2015 Gorkha earthquake in Nepal and examined disparities by age, sex, and district.

methodsEarthquake-specific deaths were sourced from the 2017 Nepal Police Report and disaggregated from broad age groups into 5-year intervals using a smooth, shape-preserving cubic interpolation approach that combines district-level population structures with age-specific mortality patterns. YLL were calculated by multiplying deaths in each age group by the remaining life expectancy from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) reference life table. A sensitivity analysis was performed using the 2019 national life table for Nepal. Reporting follows the Standardised Reporting Of Burden Of Disease (STROBOD) statement.

resultsThe earthquake caused an estimated 8,951 deaths across 41 districts, resulting in 473,280 YLL and 2,685 per 100,000. YLL rates were higher in females (2,998 per 100,000) than in males (2,365 per 100,000). Individuals under 20 years accounted for 55% of total YLL. Male-to-female YLL ratios ranged from 0.15 (Parsa) to 6.14 (Solukhumbu). YLL rates were 27% lower for males and 21% lower for females when based on the Nepal rather than the GBD life table.

conclusionsYLL due to the 2015 Gorkha earthquake varied considerably by age and sex, and estimates were influenced by the choice of life table. The 2015 Gorkha earthquake ranked among the top five leading causes of YLL in Nepal in 2015. Future research should integrate morbidity data, refine age-specific mortality estimates, and strengthen disaster risk reduction strategies targeting vulnerable groups.

Indexed as

DisastersEarthquakesLife ExpectancyAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMaleMiddle AgedNepalDisaster Health ImpactEarthquakeEpidemiology of DisastersMortalityYears of Life Lost

Identifiers

PMID41877139
PMCPMC13137522

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.