ArticleAmerican journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council2026
Women With Ovulatory Cycles Have Longer Sleep, but Phases of Their Menstrual Cycles Do Not Differ in Sleep Characteristics.
Article in American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectivesDuration and quality of sleep are influenced by many factors, including hormonal changes. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences between the phases of the menstrual cycle in total sleep duration and sleep stage distribution, specifically the duration of rapid eye movement (REM) phase, light, and deep sleep states and compare sleep parameters between ovulatory and anovulatory cycles.
methodsThe study involved 130 women aged 20-35 (mean = 26.2 years; SD = 4.14). Ovulation was detected using luteinizing hormone (LH) urine tests. Sleep data were collected using the Fitbit Alta HR trackers, which measured total sleep time and the duration of sleep stages. Sleep parameters were analyzed separately for each of the five phases: menstrual bleeding, follicular, periovulatory, luteal, and premenstrual using repeated measures ANOVA. Differences between ovulatory and anovulatory cycles were assessed using Student's t-test.
resultsWomen with the ovulatory cycle slept longer and had longer REM phases compared to women without ovulation. No statistically significant differences were observed in total sleep duration or sleep stage distribution across five phases of the menstrual cycle among women with detected ovulation.
conclusionThe findings suggest that ovulatory status might be associated with differences in total sleep time and REM sleep duration, whereas sleep duration and sleep stage distribution across menstrual cycle phases remain relatively constant. These results suggest that the presence of ovulation, rather than phase-specific changes during the cycle, may play a more important role in shaping sleep characteristics.
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