ArticleScandinavian journal of primary health care2026
Mild hyperventilation with preserved exercise capacity in patients with self-reported long-term dyspnea after COVID-19-a prospective cohort study in a primary healthcare setting.
Article in Scandinavian journal of primary health care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundPost COVID-19 condition remains a complex and challenging issue, with diverse manifestations, despite accumulating research and clinical experience. Dyspnea is one of the most common symptoms reported in post COVID-19 condition. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) offers a cohesive assessment of dyspnea and exercise limitations. The Nijmegen questionnaire is a form for assessment of dysfunctional breathing.
aimThe aim was to explore relationships between self-reported post COVID-19 respiratory symptoms, assessed by Nijmegen questionnaire, and the results of a 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and CPET, in patients with mild primary infection of COVID-19, managed within primary healthcare.
methodsA total of 15 participants with long-term dyspnea after a mild COVID-19 infection were prospectively included at primary healthcare facilities between July 2021 and April 2022. At inclusion, all subjects performed a 6MWT and answered the Nijmegen questionnaire. All subjects underwent CPET within 4 months of study inclusion. We estimated correlations between Nijmegen score (both total score and a subset of the questionnaire focusing on respiratory symptoms), and the 6MWT and CPET derived variables, respectively.
resultsNijmegen scores (both total and particularly a respiratory subset) were inversely correlated to 6MWT walking distance, but not to spirometric parameters. Subjects with more self-reported symptoms had higher end-tidal O
conclusionsNijmegen score was associated with CPET variables and walking distance at 6MWT. Post COVID-19 condition could be associated with mild hyperventilation, also in subjects without overt dysfunctional breathing pattern.
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