Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41875013›Full record

Observational studyNeuropsychopharmacology reports2026

Association Between Psychiatrists' Subjective Clinical Behavior Scores and Objective Quality Indicators Based on Discharge Prescriptions: A Nationwide Multicenter Study Based on the EGUIDE Project.

Kazuhiko Yamamuro, Naomi Hasegawa, Yusuke Arai, Hikaru Hori, Hiroyuki Muraoka, Toru Horinouchi, Naoki Hashimoto, Shinichiro Ochi, Takashi Tsuboi, Hirotaka Yamagata and 10 more

Abstract readMulticenter StudyObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Neuropsychopharmacology reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Kazuhiko YamamuroCenter for Health Control, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4362-3262
Naomi HasegawaDepartment of Pathology of Mental Diseases, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.
Yusuke AraiDepartment of Community Mental Health, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3155-6971
Hikaru HoriDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8179-3054
Hiroyuki MuraokaDepartment of Psychiatry, Kitasato University, School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6728-5341
Toru HorinouchiDepartment of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
Naoki HashimotoDepartment of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
Shinichiro OchiDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2263-3477
Takashi TsuboiDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan.
Hirotaka YamagataDepartment of Pathology of Mental Diseases, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5783-7237
Junya MatsumotoDepartment of Pathology of Mental Diseases, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.
Satsuki ItoDepartment of Pathology of Mental Diseases, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4720-3166
Toshiaki OnitsukaNHO Sakakibara National Hospital, Tsu, Mie, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6583-6405
Kazutaka OhiDepartment of Psychiatry, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Gifu, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9577-9640
Hisashi YamadaDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
Jun-Ichi IgaDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4409-3096
Ken InadaDepartment of Psychiatry, Kitasato University, School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
Koichiro WatanabeDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan.
Norio Yasui-FurukoriDepartment of Psychiatry, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4414-3770
Ryota HashimotoDepartment of Pathology of Mental Diseases, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.

Funding

Health and Labor Sciences Research Grants from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare 19GC1012Health and Labor Sciences Research Grants from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare H29-Seishin-Ippan-001Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development JP16dk0307060Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development JP19dk0307083Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development JP22dk0307112Japanese Society of Clinical NeuropsychopharmacologyJapanese Society of Mood DisordersJapanese Society of NeuropsychopharmacologyJapanese Society of Psychiatry and NeurologyJapan Society for the Promotion of Science JP21K17261Japan Society for the Promotion of Science JP23K16273
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimPsychiatrists often perceive their clinical practices as guideline-concordant; however, discrepancies frequently exist between perceived and actual prescribing behaviors. To explore this gap, we examined the association between self-assessed clinical behavior scores (CBs) and prescribing practices objectively evaluated using quality indicators (QIs) within the EGUIDE educational program framework for schizophrenia and major depressive disorder. Identifying such associations is essential for improving care quality and developing interventions fostering evidence-based practice.

methodsA prospective observational multicenter study was conducted across Japan involving 820 psychiatrists from university, public, and private hospitals participating in EGUIDE, along with patients diagnosed with schizophrenia (n = 6714) or major depressive disorder (n = 3692) treated at these institutions. The outcome measures were associations between psychiatrists' CB scores and quality indicators (QIs) based on discharge prescriptions; these were analyzed using logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, and institution type.

resultsFor schizophrenia, CBs were significantly associated with 8 of 11 QIs, including treatment-resistant assessment, antipsychotic monotherapy (with/without other psychotropics), absence of anxiolytics/hypnotics, mood stabilizers, anticholinergics, PRN psychotropics, and clozapine use. For major depressive disorder, 3 of 7 QIs showed significant associations: severity assessment, no anxiolytic/hypnotic prescriptions, and use of modified electroconvulsive therapy.

conclusionSelf-assessed clinical behavior scores partially reflect actual prescribing practices. These findings highlight the value of incorporating subjective evaluations into clinical performance assessment tools to promote guideline adherence. Moreover, our results suggest that collecting self-assessments may offer a feasible and scalable strategy for identifying areas where additional education or system-level support is needed to enhance evidence-based prescribing in diverse clinical settings.

trial registrationUniversity Hospital Medical Information Network registry identifier: UMIN000022645.

Indexed as

Major Depressive DisorderPatient DischargePractice Patterns, Physicians'Quality Indicators, Health CareSchizophreniaAdultFemaleGuideline AdherenceHumansJapanMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesPsychiatristsclinical behavior scoreguideline adherencequality indicatorsschizophrenia

Identifiers

PMID41875013
PMCPMC13581080

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.