Engineering Mesenchymal Stem Cell Spheroids and Brain Organoids: Advanced 3D Culture Platforms for Neurodegenerative Disease Cell Therapy.

Wangyu Bi, Shanglin Cai, Cencan Xing, Lei Wang, Hongwu Du

Abstract readReview

In one paragraph

Review in Stem cell reviews and reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Wangyu BiSchool of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.

Shanglin CaiSchool of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.

Cencan XingDaxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China. cencanxing@ustb.edu.cn.

Lei WangDaxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China. leiwang@ustb.edu.cn.

Hongwu DuSchool of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China. hongwudu@ustb.edu.cn.

Funding

Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities FRF-TP-22-007A1National Key Research and Development Program of China 2022YFC2603604National Natural Science Foundation of China 32300682

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cell therapy for neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) is considered a promising strategy to halt disease progression. Currently, most clinically applied cells are derived from two-dimensional (2D) cultures. However, 2D-cultured mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are prone to aging and functional deterioration after multiple passages, and the availability of neural precursor cells for cell replacement therapy remains limited. In contrast, three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures have garnered significant attention due to their unique 3D spatial interactions. The unique spatial architecture of 3D culture not only enhances cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions in MSC spheroids, thereby preserving MSCs properties, but also facilitates developmental processes of brain organoids derived from pluripotent stem cells, including embryogenesis, morphogenesis, and organogenesis. This review highlights the therapeutic ability of 3D-cultured MSC spheroids and brain organoids for NDs and summarizes advanced engineering platforms for their production. Future research should integrate the strengths of both technologies by establishing standardized quality control systems and scalable production processes to harness the microenvironmental modulation capacity of MSC spheroids and the precise cell replacement ability of brain organoids, ultimately advancing personalized therapies for NDs.

Indexed as

BrainCell- and Tissue-Based TherapyCell Culture Techniques, Three DimensionalMesenchymal Stem CellsNeurodegenerative DiseasesOrganoidsSpheroids, CellularTissue EngineeringAnimalsCell Culture TechniquesHumans3D cell cultureMicrofluidicNeurodegenerative diseasesOrganoidsStem cell spheroids

Identifiers

PMID41874927

DOI10.1038/s41378-020-00185-3

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.