Trial reportEuropean journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine2026
Identifying candidates for torque-assisted exoskeleton for gait assistance after stroke: a pre-specified subgroup analysis.
Trial report in European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundWearable robots show promise for gait assistance in stroke patients, yet the clinical characteristics predicting a positive ambulatory response to exoskeletal assistance remain unclear.
aimTo identify appropriate candidates for torque-assisted exoskeletal wearable robots in stroke patients.
designA subgroup analysis using data from an international, multicenter, randomised controlled trial.
settingInpatient. POPULATION: Fifty-five early subacute stroke patients who completed four weeks of robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) with the wearable exoskeletal robot (ANGEL LEGS M20, Angel Robotics Co., Ltd.).
methodsImmediately after RAGT for the four weeks, ambulatory function with the exoskeleton on and off was evaluated using the 10-Meter Walk Test (10MWT), 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), and Physiological Cost Index (PCI). At the same time, additional assessments included the Functional Ambulatory Category (FAC), Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Lower Extremity, Motricity Index-Lower Limb, Trunk Control Test, and Berg Balance Score. Participants were classified as good-responder, no-responder, or negative-responder groups based on changes in walking performance with exoskeletal assistance. Univariate and multivariate ordinal logistic regression analyses identified factors associated with responsiveness.
resultsIn the good-responder group, 10MWT, 6MWT and PCI showed significant improvements in the robot-on state compared with the robot-off state, respectively (P<0.05). Good responders had significantly lower baseline ambulatory, balance, and lower limb motor function compared to negative-responders (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis identified lower FAC as the only independent predictor of positive response to exoskeletal assistance (P<0.05).
conclusionsTorque-assisted exoskeletal wearable robots may improve ambulatory function in stroke patients with low ambulatory function. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT: To achieve meaningful effects through exoskeleton robots, patient selection must be adjusted according to clinical needs.
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