Orbital Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in Young Pediatric Patients: Two Case Reports and Literature Review.

Objective: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare neoplastic proliferative disorder and there are relatively few studies on the treatment of pediatric patients in early childhood with orbital LCH. Materials and Methods: This case report describes the treatment experiences of two pediatric patients with LCH who presented with similar clinical characteristics. They each had temporal orbital lesions, but the severity of their symptoms varied. Both patients underwent subtotal tumor resection. Postoperatively, only Patient 1 received low-dose chemotherapy and corticosteroid therapy. Results: During the six-year follow-up period, Patient 1 exhibited no recurrence, whereas Patient 2 who developed recurrent systemic symptoms including cranial and cutaneous manifestations was subsequently treated with chemotherapy and hormonal therapy in the pediatrics department. Conclusion: Based on our case observations and literature review, we realize that the early and accurate diagnosis of pediatric focal orbital LCH remains challenging. Meanwhile, the combination of surgery and chemotherapy yields satisfactory outcomes in young pediatric patients with orbital LCH, with a low recurrence rate.