Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41873360›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of nanomedicine2026

Extracellular Vesicles in Drug Delivery: From Quality Assurance to Therapeutic Application.

Kun Zhang, Jianjun Fang

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of nanomedicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Exosomes in corneal diseases: advances in diagnosis and therapy.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026
    Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Kun ZhangDepartment of Trauma Orthopedics, Shenzhen Longhua District People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518100, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0003-1934-3196
Jianjun FangDepartment of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, People's Republic of China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Developing optimal drug delivery carriers to enhance the pharmacokinetics of therapeutic agents and mitigate toxicity to normal cells remains a pivotal focus in medical research. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a highly promising platform for drug delivery, owing to their unique biological properties. Through intrinsic biogenesis pathways, EVs can selectively encapsulate genetic material, proteins, cytokines, and other bioactive components from donor cells. They subsequently mediate intercellular communication and regulate target cell behavior via humoral transport, surface protein interactions, membrane fusion, and other mechanisms-biological features that lay the foundation for their potential in therapeutic delivery. In recent years, EVs have attracted tremendous research interest due to their excellent biocompatibility, nanoscale size, low immunogenicity, facile modifiability, and versatile capacity to load various therapeutic agents. In this review, we analyse strategies for improving the quality control of drug-loaded EVs across multiple dimensions, specifically including the selection of EVs sources, control of isolation and purification, control of drug-loading strategies, and evaluation strategies after EVs drug loading, we also report the latest preclinical and clinical studies on the use of EVs as drug delivery systems for small-molecule drugs, nucleic acids, and proteins in disease treatment.

Indexed as

Extracellular VesiclesNanoparticle Drug Delivery SystemAnimalsClinical Trials as TopicHumansInjections, IntravenousQuality ControlNanoparticle Drug Delivery Systemdrug deliveryexosomeextracellular vesiclesnucleic acidquality control

Identifiers

PMID41873360
PMCPMC13005977

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.