Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41872999›Full record

ArticleDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2026

In Vivo Imaging of the Innate Immune System in the Pancreas in New-Onset and Long-Standing Type 1 Diabetes.

Ebrahim Anvari, Hongchao Zhang, Henrik Hill, Nathalia Guarienti Missima, Per Liss, Irina Velikyan, Gunnar Antoni, Olle Korsgren, Daniel Espes, Olof Eriksson

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Ebrahim AnvariScience for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Hongchao ZhangScience for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.ORCID 0009-0009-6810-9217
Henrik HillDepartment of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Nathalia Guarienti MissimaScience for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Per LissDepartment of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Irina VelikyanScience for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Gunnar AntoniScience for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Olle KorsgrenDepartment of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Daniel EspesScience for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Olof ErikssonScience for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

Funding

Barndiabetesfonden, Uppsala Diabetes CenterDiabetesfonden, Science for Life LaboratorySwedish Cancer Society/(Cancerfonden)the Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsrådet)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveType 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease, but knowledge of immune cell infiltration in the human pancreas is limited due to the risks associated with pancreatic biopsies. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of imaging innate immune cells in vivo using positron emission tomography (PET).

methodsWe used PET tracers targeting M1 macrophages ([

resultsBoth tracers enabled visualisation and quantification of pancreatic uptake. Uptake of both [ DISCUSSION: PET imaging of innate immune cells in the pancreas is feasible. While no increased macrophage or neutrophil activity was observed in new-onset T1D, increased tracer uptake in long-standing T1D may reflect late-stage inflammatory processes and fibrosis.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1Immunity, InnatePancreasPositron-Emission TomographyAdultCase-Control StudiesFemaleGallium RadioisotopesHumansLeukocyte ElastaseMacrophagesMaleRadiopharmaceuticalsYoung AdultGallium RadioisotopesLeukocyte ElastaseRadiopharmaceuticalsimagingimmune infiltrationinnate immune systeminnate immunitypositron emission tomographytype 1 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID41872999
PMCPMC13146199

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.