Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41872901›Full record

ArticleImplementation science : IS2026

Ready to screen implementation trial protocol: a cluster randomized implementation trial comparing a bundled implementation strategy versus a simple implementation strategy to improve intention to screen in the Australian National Lung Cancer Screening Program.

Dzenana Kartal, Christine Paul, Georgia Bartlett, Skye Abraham, Sarah York, Billie Bonevski, Jon D Emery, Shalini K Vinod, Fraser Brims, Daniel Barker and 14 more

Abstract readClinical Trial Protocol
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Implementation science : IS, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors.

Dzenana KartalCentre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 4, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia. dkartal@unimelb.edu.au.
Christine PaulSchool of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
Georgia BartlettCentre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 4, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia.
Skye AbrahamCentre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 4, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia.
Sarah YorkCentre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 4, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia.
Billie BonevskiFlinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Jon D EmeryDepartment of General Practice and Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Shalini K VinodSchool of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Fraser BrimsCurtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
Daniel BarkerHunter Medical Research Institute, New South Wales, Australia.
Rachael H DoddThe Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Susan McCulloughThoracic Oncology Group Australia, Consumer Advocacy Panel, Melbourne, Australia.
Justin TseDepartment of General Practice and Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Joel RheeDiscipline of General Practice, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Mark BrookeLung Foundation Australia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Jennifer MayOffice of the Pro Vice-Chancellor, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
Sarah NorrisCentre for Health Policy, Economics and Data, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Maria A R LantinCentre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 4, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia.
Tescha NichollsCentre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 4, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia.
Henry M MarshallUniversity of Queensland Thoracic Research Centre and Department of Thoracic Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, QLD, Australia.
Emily StoneDepartment of Thoracic Medicine and Lung Transplantation, St. Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.
Shakira OnwukaIndigenous Health Equity Unit, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Samantha L QuaifeCentre for Cancer Screening, Prevention and Early Diagnosis, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
Nicole M RankinCentre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 4, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia.

Funding

National Health and Medical Research Council MRF2008603
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundUptake of lung cancer screening (LCS) in high-risk populations remains suboptimal internationally. Primary care practitioners play a critical role in identifying eligible patients and initiating referrals for LCS. Targeted implementation strategies are needed to address health care barriers to the uptake of LCS such as limited awareness, eligibility assessment, low engagement, and poor health system preparedness. Implementation trials are needed to determine optimal decision-making and participant knowledge gains to ultimately increase screening uptake.

designThe Ready to Screen trial is a cluster randomized controlled implementation trial to compare participants' intention to screen for lung cancer in the Australian National Lung Cancer Screening Program (hereafter 'the Program') between bundled (intervention: core + link to multilingual trial website + SMS and email reminders, clinical decision support prompts for general practitioners) and core (control (core): initial letter mail out with LCS brochure only) implementation strategies.

methodTwenty-eight general practices recruited across Australia will be randomly allocated (1:1 ratio) to either control or intervention. Practices will generate eligible patient lists using medical records to issue participation invitations. Eligible patients are aged 50-70 years and currently smoke or have quit within the past 10 years or have an unknown quit date. The primary outcome is participant intention to screen from self-report survey at patient recruitment. Secondary outcomes will be evaluated using the RE-AIM framework-examining Reach, Effectiveness (including cost-effectiveness), Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance. The PRISM framework will guide assessment of multi-level contextual factors hypothesized to influence these outcomes. Data collection will include trial recruitment and practice records, participant and provider self-report surveys, and semi-structured interviews. DISCUSSION: This trial will generate timely evidence about the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the bundled implementation strategy to support delivery of the Program within primary care practices. Findings will provide insights into contextual factors shaping implementation success and inform the future scaling and sustainability of LCS in Australia and internationally.

trial registrationACTRN12625000045415 registered on 20/01/2025.

Indexed as

Early Detection of CancerLung NeoplasmsMass ScreeningAustraliaCost-Benefit AnalysisHumansImplementation ScienceIntentionMiddle AgedPrimary Health CareRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicReminder SystemsEarly detection of cancer/methodsHealth promotion/methodsImplementation scienceLung neoplasms/diagnosisPrimary health care/organization & administration

Identifiers

PMID41872901
PMCPMC13137651

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.