Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41872719›Full record

ArticleDiabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association2026

Colorectal cancer outcomes show relationships with the type and extent of vascular complications in individuals with diabetes: A population-based study.

Rebecca J Birch, John C Taylor, Amy Downing, Philip Quirke, Paul Finan, Katie Spencer, Eva J A Morris, Simon Howell, Ramzi A Ajjan

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Rebecca J BirchPathology and Data Analytics, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
John C TaylorPathology and Data Analytics, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2518-5799
Amy DowningPathology and Data Analytics, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Philip QuirkePathology and Data Analytics, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Paul FinanPathology and Data Analytics, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Katie SpencerLeeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
Eva J A MorrisNuffield Department of Population Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Simon HowellPathology and Data Analytics, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Ramzi A AjjanLeeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1636-3725

Funding

Biomedical Research Centre and the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre NIHR203311Cancer Research UK C23434/A23706Leeds National Institute for Health and Care Research NIHR203331Yorkshire Cancer Research L394
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsDiabetes is associated with poorer prognosis and treatment-related outcomes in patients with cancer. Major surgical resection is the mainstay of potentially curative treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to assess whether the risk of adverse outcomes for individuals with diabetes and CRC varies by diabetes status and associated diabetes-related complications.

methodsInformation for all individuals diagnosed with CRC in England between 2011 and 2021 was obtained from cancer registry data. Pre-existing diabetes was identified using diagnostic codes during hospital inpatient stay. Cox regression and logistic regression were used to assess the relationship between diabetes complication status and postoperative outcomes (5-year survival, 90-day mortality, death in hospital and unplanned readmission).

resultsOf the 372,477 individuals diagnosed with CRC, treatment using major surgical resection was highest amongst those with no diabetes (60%) and diabetes without complications (62%) compared to those with combined (microvascular and macrovascular) complications (34%). Five-year survival was lowest for those with combined complications when compared to those with no diabetes (45% vs. 69% after major resection; 5% vs. 18% without major resection). Increasing levels of complication severity were associated with increasing rates of 90-day postoperative mortality, with combined complications associated with the poorest outcome when compared to those without diabetes (10% vs. 4%, adjusted OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.90-2.51).

conclusionsThis population-based study demonstrates that the risk of adverse outcomes in patients with diabetes and CRC is heterogeneous. Future work is required to understand whether postoperative outcomes can be improved in individuals with diabetes and CRC.

Indexed as

Colorectal NeoplasmsDiabetic AngiopathiesAgedAged, 80 and overColorectal Surgical ProceduresDiabetes ComplicationsEnglandFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPostoperative ComplicationsRegistriesadmissionscancer registryDCSImortalitypopulation‐basedsurgical resectionsurvival

Identifiers

PMID41872719
PMCPMC13380378

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.