Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41872327›Full record

ArticleNature nanotechnology2026

Universal logical operations in a silicon quantum processor.

Chunhui Zhang, Feng Xu, Shihang Zhang, Mingchao Duan, Dupeng Zhong, Xuesong Bai, Hao Wang, Chao Huang, Yi Deng, Miao Gao and 19 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature nanotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

29 authors.

Chunhui Zhang *International Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-3394-2297
Feng Xu *International Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-5272-1114
Shihang Zhang *International Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-8584-3457
Mingchao Duan *International Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-3316-2845
Dupeng ZhongInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, China.
Xuesong BaiInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, China.
Hao WangInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4161-547X
Chao HuangInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, China.
Yi DengInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-1781-6938
Miao GaoInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, China.
Yu-Ning ZhangInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, China.
Jiaze LiuInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, China.
Chunhui LiInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, China.
Yan JiangInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, China.
Baolong ZhaoInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, China.
Huan ShuInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, China.
Kunrong WuInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-6622-6009
Keji ShiInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, China.
Qiming DingCenter on Frontiers of Computing Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0548-6519
Zhen TianInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-4367-3666
Guanyong WangInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3745-7656
Xiao YuanCenter on Frontiers of Computing Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0205-6545
Tao XinInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, China.
Guangchong HuInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-1929-7312
Song LiuInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, China.
Tianluo PanInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, China. pantianluo@iqasz.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9268-9567
Peihao HuangInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, China. huangpeihao@iqasz.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9835-6667
Yu HeInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, China. hey@iqasz.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8892-9425
Dapeng YuInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, China. yudapeng@iqasz.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-2693-1248

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 11904157National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 92165210, 62174076, 11904157, 12275117, 12361161602Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission KQTD20200820113010023
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Quantum errors induced by environmental noise are unavoidable and preclude the direct implementation of practical quantum computation. Fault-tolerant quantum computation offers one of the viable paths, necessitating the encoding and processing of information within logical qubits to curb such errors. Although substantial progress has been achieved recently in building silicon quantum computers, logical operations still haven't been realized in silicon. Here we demonstrate a logical quantum processor using a phosphorus donor cluster in silicon. By implementing the [[4, 2, 2]] code, we realize the essential components for logical operations, which include fault-tolerant preparation of logical states and the characterization of a universal gate set comprising logical single-qubit and two-qubit gates. In particular, the logical T gate is achieved using the gate-by-measurement method, and magic states based on this gate are prepared. Furthermore, we execute the variational quantum eigensolver algorithm using two logical qubits and simulate the ground state of the electronic structure of the water molecule H

Identifiers

PMID41872327
PMCPMC13186701

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.