Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41871910›Full record

ArticleGenes & development2026

Nested pediatric low-grade glioma cerebral organoid avatars reveal glutamatergic neuron stromal growth dependency.

Enquan Xu, Christina Zhang, Fausto J Rodriguez, Sonika Dahiya, Corina Anastasaki, David H Gutmann

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genes & development, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Enquan XuDepartment of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
Christina ZhangDepartment of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
Fausto J RodriguezDepartment of Neuropathology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8662-1219
Sonika DahiyaDepartment of Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5585-0964
Corina AnastasakiDepartment of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9928-6488
David H GutmannDepartment of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA; gutmannd@wustl.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-3127-5045

Funding

Washington University Center for Cellular ImagingP30CA091842 · NCI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI TIMOTHY J. EBERLEIN · 2001 to 2026
$128.0M
Defining the Mechanistic Basis for Neurofibromatosis-1 Nervous System Disease HeterogeneityR35NS097211 · NINDS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI GUTMANN, DAVID H · 2017 to 2024
$5.7M
Modeling neurofibromatosis-1 disease heterogeneity to optimize risk assessment and treatmentR35NS142919 · NINDS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI David H Gutmann · 2025 to 2026
$1.7M
Developing Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Precision Oncology ModelsR50CA233164 · NCI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI Corina Anastasaki · 2018 to 2026
$1.2M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA091842NCI NIH HHS R50 CA233164NINDS NIH HHS R35 NS097211NINDS NIH HHS R35 NS142919
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pilocytic astrocytomas (PAs), the most common pediatric brain tumor, grow slowly and depend heavily on their local brain microenvironment, hindering accurate humanized model development. To surmount this barrier, we developed mixed assembloids of PAs nested within human iPSC-cerebral organoids (PANCOs) that recapitulate PA histopathology and growth. Consistent with their cell-intrinsic ERK dependence, MEK inhibition reduces PANCO proliferation, whereas clozapine-N-oxide-activatable neural progenitors integrate into PANCOs, preferentially differentiate into glutamatergic neurons, and increase cell-extrinsic PA proliferation, which is blocked by glutamate receptor inhibition. These accurate in vitro pediatric PA avatars provide tractable platforms to discover and validate PA cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic growth dependencies.

Indexed as

AstrocytomaBrain NeoplasmsGliomaGlutamic AcidNeuronsOrganoidsCell DifferentiationCell ProliferationHumansInduced Pluripotent Stem CellsStromal CellsGlutamic Acidassembloidcancer neurosciencecerebral organoidhuman induced pluripotent stem celllow-grade gliomapilocytic astrocytoma

Identifiers

PMID41871910
PMCPMC13015845

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.