ArticleFrontiers in plant science2026
Genome wide association studies reveal candidate genes for salt tolerance in safflower (
Article in Frontiers in plant science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Safflower productivity is hindered by soil salinity, making the identification of genetic markers essential for breeding resilient cultivars. Despite the substantial yield losses caused by salt stress, research on parental genotypes and candidate genes associated with salt tolerance remains limited. A pot experiment with 94 safflower genotypes exposed to four sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations at the seedling stage explored salt tolerance genetics. Results showed significant variability among genotypes, NaCl treatments, and their interactions for most traits, except biological yield (BY) and fresh shoot weight (FSW). Traits showed reductions from 8% (number of leaves) to 76% (dry root weight) under NaCl stress. Broad sense heritability ranged from 17% to 97%. Correlation analysis revealed positive associations among traits, except FSW and BY. PCA grouped genotypes into three distinct clusters. Using stress tolerance indices (> 0.65) and superior performance above the population mean, three top-performing safflower genotypes were identified. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) revealed 322 marker-trait associations (MTAs), distributed as follows: 34 for BY, 25 for dry root weight (DRW), 44 for dry shoot weight (DSW), 48 for fresh root weight (FRW), 46 for FSW, 60 for number of leaves (NL), 47 for plant height (PH), and 18 for root length (RL). Gene annotation revealed key candidates influencing salinity tolerance, including
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