Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41868221›Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in medicine2026

Application of JAK inhibitors in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic analysis based on clinical trial databases and registries.

Junjie Cao, Rong Huang, Yanru Chen, Xu Li, Junyi Lou, Longyun Xu, Junxian Gu, Zining Luo, Tianliang Yao, Jiebin Xie

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Junjie Cao *Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China.
Rong Huang *Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China.
Yanru Chen *Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China.
Xu LiSchool of Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China.
Junyi LouMedical School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China.
Longyun XuSchool of Basic Medical Sciences and Law, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China.
Junxian GuSchool of Medical Imaging, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China.
Zining Luo *School of Stomatology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China.
Tianliang Yao *Department of Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Jiebin Xie *Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: To systematically analyze 2014-2025 global clinical trial data of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), clarify their R&D evolution, regional characteristics, efficacy and safety profiles, and provide evidence-based support for optimizing RA therapeutic strategies. Methods: Trials were retrieved from 16 international registries using PubMed MeSH and Embase Emtree terms, then screened per PRISMA guidelines for compliance with 2010 ACR/EULAR RA criteria and JAK-targeted therapy. A total of 87 eligible trials were analyzed for phase, molecular target, status, drug type and geographic region. Results: China (42 trials) and the U.S. (32 trials) dominated global research, with the U.S. leading R&D and China combining independent and collaborative studies. JAK2/JAK3-targeted trials rose from 25% (2014-2018) to 62.7% (2019-2025, Conclusion: JAK inhibitors are key RA therapeutics with target-distinct efficacy and safety. Future efforts should prioritize high-quality Phase IV studies, regional subgroup analyses, head-to-head target comparisons and standardized data disclosure. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420261290714, Identifier CRD420261290714.

Indexed as

biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugsclinical trialsefficacy and safetyJanus kinase inhibitorsrheumatoid arthritis

Identifiers

PMID41868221
PMCPMC12999776

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.