ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2026
Pyrimidine nucleoside: inspiration for novel antimicrobial agent.
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a worsening global health crisis, with drug repurposing emerging as a key mitigation strategy. Pyrimidine nucleosides are promising antibacterial scaffolds due to their easily modifiable structures and multi-therapeutic potential. However, related research faces challenges, including fragmented structure-activity relationships (SAR), unclear metabolism-efficacy correlations, and limited clinical translation strategies. This review categorizes these derivatives into cytosine and uracil/thymine analogs. It analyzes how lipidation, selenylation, and other structural modifications regulate antibacterial activity by modulating target binding, membrane permeability, and metabolic stability. Crucially, it elucidates their metabolic activation mechanism. As prodrugs, these derivatives require intracellular enzymatic phosphorylation to form active metabolites that inhibit nucleic acid synthesis, and their efficacy is dependent on intracellular enzyme levels and activity. Additionally, the review identifies core clinical translation barriers (host toxicity, narrow spectrum, insufficient AMR research) and proposes targeted optimization strategies (e.g., enzyme-guided modification and combination therapy). By integrating disparate structure-activity relationship and metabolic mechanism research, this work provides a novel systematic framework for developing pyrimidine nucleosides. Furthermore, it offers critical support to address the global antimicrobial resistance (AMR) crisis.
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