Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41867917›Full record

ReviewAmerican journal of cardiovascular disease2026

Geriatric nutritional risk index predicts all-cause mortality in patients with heart failure: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Alireza Gholami, Fateme Kazemi, Delaram Nourmohammadi, Reza Behfar, Fatemeh Nouroozi, Fateme Skandary, Nima Zabihi, Yeganeh Ghobadi, Siamand Abdolghaderi, Aida Bakhshi and 4 more

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In one paragraph

Review in American journal of cardiovascular disease, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Alireza GholamiStudent Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences Bandar Abbass, Iran.
Fateme KazemiStudent Research Committee, School of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan, Iran.
Delaram NourmohammadiStudent Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran.
Reza BehfarStudent Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari, Iran.
Fatemeh NourooziEmergency Department of Sayad Shirazi Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences Gorgan, Iran.
Fateme SkandaryStudent Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari, Iran.
Nima ZabihiShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Research Center Tehran, Iran.
Yeganeh GhobadiGeneral Practitioner, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad, Iran.
Siamand AbdolghaderiSchool of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran.
Aida BakhshiClinical Research Development Unit, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad, Iran.
Mohammad Hossein ShafieyounIsfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan, Iran.
Yaser KhakpourFaculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences Rasht, Iran.
Mahdyieh NaziriStudent Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran.
Mohamad Javad BaySchool of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari, Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThe role of malnutrition in heart failure (HF) patients is unclear. We assessed the correlation between the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and all-cause mortality in HF.

methodsPubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for observational studies reporting the correlation between GNRI and all-cause mortality in HF patients (up to January 26, 2025). Titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist was used to assess study quality. Data were synthesized via random-effects meta-analysis using the restricted maximum likelihood (REML) method. The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

resultsNineteen observational studies with 9,982 subjects were included. A low-risk GNRI group was correlated with raised all-cause mortality in HF patients (hazard ratio (HR) 1.77, 95% CI 1.38-2.16; P < 0.0001). Results were consistent across sensitivity analyses. Heterogeneity was high (I

conclusionGNRI is a reliable nutritional tool predicting all-cause mortality in HF patients. Our study suggests GNRI should be considered for evaluating long-term prognosis in this population.

Indexed as

all-cause mortalityGeriatric nutritional risk indexheart failuremalnutrition

Identifiers

PMID41867917
PMCPMC13003213

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.