Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41867694›Full record

ArticleJournal of micro-bio robotics2026

A flexible automated magnetic microrobot assembly system.

Oliver J Shindell, Aaron C Davis, David J Cappelleri

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of micro-bio robotics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Oliver J ShindellSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA.
Aaron C DavisSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA.
David J CappelleriSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA.

Funding

NRI: Mobile Microrobots for Precision MedicineU01TR004239 · NCATS · PURDUE UNIVERSITY · PI CAPPELLERI, DAVID JOHN, GOERGEN, CRAIG J. · 2022 to 2024
$1.1M
NCATS NIH HHS U01 TR004239
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This paper presents a novel system for flexible automated fabrication of microrobots with embedded permanent magnets, and for the loading of liquid therapeutic drugs and sealing with thermally sensitive wax. Microrobots featuring embedded magnets are more controllable and observable, and are capable of tasks requiring higher forces. In this system, a micromanipulator controls tweezers, and stepper motors actuate a four-stage system that executes different assembly steps. A syringe pump is used to fill drug delivery microrobots, and a wax seal is applied with a brush made from heated copper wires. This brush is capable of efficiently applying an even wax coating to drug delivery robots, sealing the contained therapeutics inside. Vision-based feedback from an overhead microscope camera ensures precise embedded magnet assembly through a combination of image processing algorithms. A single drug delivery robot can be assembled in 192.77±48.28 seconds (mean±standard deviation, n=13). Drug loading and sealing takes 159.38±3.67 seconds (n=16). 100% of seals were found to be hermetic, with an average thickness of 302±25 [Formula: see text]m (n=16). This work advances micro-assembly toward practical medical use by establishing a practical basis for mass production of drug delivery robots. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12213-026-00204-y.

Indexed as

MicroassemblyMicromanipulationMicrorobotics

Identifiers

PMID41867694
PMCPMC12999708

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.