Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41867453›Full record

ReviewJournal of inflammation research2026

Artificial Intelligence for Predicting Immunotherapy Efficacy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Pingdong Cao, Xiao Jia, Yuqi Yang, Xi Wang, Jian Zhu, Xiaomei Li, Zhe Yang, Qiang Wen

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of inflammation research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Pingdong CaoDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
Xiao JiaSchool of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
Yuqi YangDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
Xi WangDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Jian ZhuDepartment of Radiation Physics, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China.
Xiaomei LiDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
Zhe YangDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
Qiang WenDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People's Republic of China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have significantly improved the clinical outcomes for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, patient heterogeneity and the limitations of current biomarkers contribute to variations in therapeutic responses. Identifying potential beneficiaries of immunotherapy and predicting efficacy remain critical challenges. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has become increasingly applied in cancer treatment, particularly for modeling clinical data and predicting patient prognosis. By integrating multi-omics data such as radiomics, pathomics, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and microbiomics, AI enables comprehensive biomarker discovery and facilitates prediction of immunotherapy responses and potential toxicities in NSCLC patients. Despite these advancements, challenges such as data standardization, limited interpretability, and technical barriers persist. This review summarizes the application of AI in predicting immunotherapy efficacy for NSCLC patients and discusses the challenges and future directions in the context of precision medicine.

Indexed as

artificial intelligencedeep learningimmune checkpoint inhibitorsimmunotherapymachine learningnon-small cell lung cancer

Identifiers

PMID41867453
PMCPMC13005593

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.