ArticleNursing in critical care2026
Feasibility and Acceptability of a Patient- and Family-Oriented Approach to Pain Assessment in the Intensive Care Unit.
Article in Nursing in critical care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- The Critical Care Pain Observation Tool for Families (CPOT-Fam).Canadian journal of pain = Revue canadienne de la douleur · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFamily caregivers (i.e., family members, close friends) may be able to help assess pain in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. However, suitable methods for family caregivers to assess pain in the ICU have yet to be identified.
aimTo evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of independently collecting patient and family caregiver assessments of patient pain and to determine agreement between pain scores. STUDY
designAdult patients who could communicate pain ratings and their family caregivers (creating patient-family caregiver dyads) from a single ICU in Calgary, Alberta, Canada were asked to simultaneously provide independent (unaware of the other's response) assessments of the patient's pain (beginning 4 January 2023) using: (1) a yes/no response on the presence of pain, (2) pain intensity on the Numerical Rating Scale, and (3) open text descriptions of pain. The feasibility of obtaining pain assessments from dyads was determined by the percent of dyads recruited compared to dyads approached. Acceptability was determined by calculating completion rates of dyads in this study. Cohen's kappa (κ) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) [95% confidence intervals] were used to determine inter-dyad agreement.
resultsOf 458 patients admitted to the study ICU during the recruitment period, 45 dyads were approached for participation. Thirty-four dyads (75.6%) consented (feasibility outcome) and completed (100%) the study (acceptability outcome). Agreement was moderate between yes/no pain responses (κ = 0.45 [0.16-0.76]) and good between patient and family caregiver Numerical Pain Scale scores (ICC = 0.75 [0.56-0.87]). Of the 18 dyads who provided open text descriptions of the pain, 13 (72.2%) were similar for patients and family caregivers.
conclusionsCollecting independent, simultaneous pain assessments from patient-family caregiver dyads in the ICU appears feasible and acceptable, and family caregivers appear to provide good proxy reports of the patient's pain. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Family caregiver involvement in pain assessment in the ICU may have the potential to complement clinical pain assessment in select contexts, particularly for patients who are unable to communicate, although further research is needed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.