Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41866346›Full record

ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2026

Free water changes and their correlations with multimodal biomarkers in frontotemporal dementia.

Min Chu, Shaozhen Yan, Qianqian He, Ailing Yue, Yufei Chen, Jiahui Hou, William Robert Kwapong, Haitian Nan, Hong Ye, Pedro Rosa-Neto and 4 more

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Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Min ChuDepartment of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Shaozhen YanDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Qianqian HeDepartment of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Ailing YueDepartment of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Yufei ChenDepartment of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Jiahui HouDepartment of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
William Robert KwapongDepartment of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Haitian NanDepartment of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Hong YeDepartment of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Pedro Rosa-NetoAlzheimer's Disease Research Unit, McGill Centre for Studies in Aging, Montréal, QuebeC, Canada.
Miao QuDepartment of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Binbin NieBeijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Jie LuDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Liyong WuDepartment of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Funding

Beijing Natural Science Foundation 7242067National Natural Science Foundation of China 82401665
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe alterations of free water (FW) in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and its clinical correlations remain unclear.

methodsFW levels in the whole brain and specific white matter fiber tract was evaluated in 112 bvFTD patients and 103 normal controls.

resultsBvFTD patients exhibited elevated FW in the whole brain and regional white matter tracts, especially in the uncinate fasciculus and cingulum hippocampus. FW was correlated with perivascular spaces (PVSs) and diffusion tensor imaging analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index. FW was also correlated with clinical scales, gray matter volume, and glucose metabolism. Additionally, FW was correlated with plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein and total tau. Mediation analyses showed that FW mediated the association between PVS and ALPS, and brain neurodegeneration mediated the association between FW and clinical scores. DISCUSSION: Elevated FW is involved in bvFTD and contributes to glymphatic dysfunction and neurodegeneration.

Indexed as

BrainFrontotemporal DementiaWaterAgedBiomarkersDiffusion Tensor ImagingFemaleGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinGlymphatic SystemHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle Agedtau ProteinsWhite MatterBiomarkersGlial Fibrillary Acidic Proteintau ProteinsWaterfree waterfrontotemporal dementiaglymphatic system

Identifiers

PMID41866346
PMCPMC13093378

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.