Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41866316›Full record

Trial reportThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2026

Bisphenol A decreases peripheral insulin sensitivity in normal weight adults: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.

Adam D Seal, Suzanne Phelan, Steven K Malin, Andrew Schaffner, Hannah B Gaydos, Ryan Hubbard, Kelly A Bennion, Sarah Keadle, Jane Nakamura, Alia Ortiz and 2 more

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Adam D SealCenter for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6097-3803
Suzanne PhelanCenter for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA.
Steven K MalinDepartment of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7360-6711
Andrew SchaffnerDepartment of Statistics, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA.
Hannah B GaydosCenter for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA.
Ryan HubbardCenter for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA.
Kelly A BennionDepartment of Psychology and Child Development, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA.
Sarah KeadleCenter for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA.
Jane NakamuraSchool of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Alia OrtizCenter for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA.
Clara McMahonCenter for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA.
Todd A HagobianCenter for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA.

Funding

American Diabetes Association 1-19-ICTS-044
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

contextBisphenol A (BPA) is a synthetic chemical used in consumer goods that has been linked to type 2 diabetes in observational studies. No human experimental studies have examined whether BPA reduces peripheral insulin sensitivity. PURPOSE: To determine the effects of oral BPA administration on peripheral insulin sensitivity over 5 days.

methodsForty sedentary, but otherwise healthy adults (22 F, 18 M; 21.3 ± 2.1 year; 22.1 ± 2.3 kg/m2; 85% non-Hispanic White) completed a 2-day baseline energy-balanced diet low in BPA during which urine, blood, and peripheral insulin sensitivity via 120 minutes euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp technique (40 mU/m2/min; 90 mg/dL) were assessed. In a double-blind fashion, participants were randomly assigned to receive 5 days of oral BPA administration at 50 µg/kg body weight (BPA-50) or placebo (PL). All participants were fed the same energy-balanced diet. Outcomes were assessed using a two-way repeated-measures ANOVA adjusted for baseline sex, BMI, physical activity, and ethnicity.

resultsAfter treatment, urine BPA levels were significantly higher in BPA-50 compared to PL (+ 268 700 ± 63 983 vs PL: + 8893 ± 6786 pg/mL, P = .009). After treatment, body weight and fasting glucose were not statistically different between PL and BPA-50 (P > .05). However, BPA significantly decreased peripheral insulin sensitivity by 0.02 ± 0.01 mg/kg/min/uU/mL compared with an increase observed following PL by 0.02 ± 0.01 mg/kg/min/uU/mL (P = .01).

conclusionBPA administration decreased peripheral insulin sensitivity after 5 days. These data provide the first experimental evidence in humans that BPA administration may reduce insulin sensitivity.

Indexed as

Benzhydryl CompoundsInsulin ResistancePhenolsAdultBisphenol A CompoundsBlood GlucoseBody WeightDouble-Blind MethodFemaleGlucose Clamp TechniqueHumansInsulinMaleYoung AdultBenzhydryl Compoundsbisphenol ABisphenol A CompoundsBlood GlucoseInsulinPhenolsbisphenol Ainsulin sensitivitytype 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID41866316
PMCPMC13466951

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.