ArticleOdontology2026
The effect of individual sulfasalazine administration and in combination with esomeprazole on buccal mucosa of albino rats: histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular study.
Article in Odontology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The study aims to investigate the effect of sulfasalazine (SFZN) individually and in combination with esomeprazole (ESOm) on the buccal mucosa of albino rats. SFZN is a widely used drug for the management of various autoimmune diseases which has been reported to cause renal injury in humans and a dose of 600 mg/kg/day has been described to cause renal injury in rats. ESOm is a commonly used proton pump inhibitor. Few studies have investigated their effects on oral and paraoral tissues. Three groups were designed out of 27 male albino rats. The control group was given distilled water, the SFZN group was given SFZN (600 mg/kg/day), and the ESOm group was given SFZN (600 mg/kg/day) and ESOm (30 mg/kg body weight); the drugs were dissolved in distilled water. The experiment was conducted for 14 days. Buccal mucosae were evaluated for keratin thickness, area % of iron deposition, area% of immunoreactivity to nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and glutathione (GSH) tissue level using one-way ANOVA and post hoc tests. The level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. SFZN individually has significantly increased keratin thickness, disrupted Nrf2 machinery and glutathione tissue level, while SFZN in combination with ESOm showed significant increase in area% of iron deposition. DNA degradation using comet assay was evaluated using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's test which revealed no significant difference of tail length and tail moment in SFZN group and ESOm group but these parameters were significantly different in these two groups in relation to the control group (p < 0.05).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.