ArticleJACC. Advances2026
Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome and Life Expectancy in U.S. Adults.
Article in JACC. Advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- The Missing Hepatic Dimension in CKM Staging.JACC. Advances · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome has gained global attention for the clustering of conditions that markedly increase mortality risk. Prior studies have described the relative mortality risk of CKM stages, yet the impact on life expectancy remains underexplored.
objectivesThis study aimed to quantify the association between CKM syndrome and life expectancy in U.S. adults and to assess variations by sex and race/ethnicity.
methodsA total of 20,764 participants aged ≥30 years with confirmed CKM syndrome were included from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999 to 2018. CKM stages 0 to 4 were defined per standardized questionnaires, physical examinations, and laboratory tests. Life expectancy was estimated using life table methods.
resultsOver a median 9.33-year follow-up, 3,956 deaths occurred. The estimated 40-year life expectancy declined with advancing CKM stages: 41.82 (95% CI: 41.51-42.13) years at stage 0, 42.03 (41.72-42.34) at stage 1, 40.57 (40.28-40.86) at stage 2, and 35.01 (34.78-35.24) at stage 3/4. At age 40, men with CKM stage 0 had 5.80-year (95% CI: 5.74-5.86) life expectancy advantage over those with stage 3/4; the difference in women was 7.39 years (7.31-7.48). CKM stage 2 (adjusted HR: 4.00; 95% CI: 1.40-11.47) and stage 3/4 (11.03; 3.67-33.16) were significantly associated with increased cardiovascular mortality. Mexican Americans exhibited the greatest reduction in 40-year life expectancy (12.72 years) compared to White (6.55 years) and Black (5.93 years) participants.
conclusionsAdvanced CKM syndrome (stage 3/4) confers marked life expectancy reductions, particularly among Mexican Americans, underscoring the urgent need for early detection and targeted interventions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.