ArticleAnnals of surgical oncology2026
Bladder Tumor Location Matters: Trigone and Bladder Neck Involvement Predict Worse Oncological Outcomes in High-Grade Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.
Article in Annals of surgical oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Editorial for "A Quantitative Modification of VI-RADS for Bladder Cancer at the Ureteral Orifice: A Reader Study on MRI With Varying Experience Levels".Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
35 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWe aimed to evaluate the impact of bladder tumor location on oncological outcomes in high-grade non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). PATIENTS AND
methodsThe testing cohort included 1796 patients with high-grade NMIBC treated with transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) and adjuvant Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). The primary endpoints were high-grade recurrence-free survival (HG-RFS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to adjust for clinicopathological confounders between patients with and without trigone/bladder neck involvement. External validation included 20,249 high-grade NMIBC from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, with overall and cancer-specific survival (CSS) as endpoints. Cumulative incidence functions and competing-risk regression models were used for survival analyses.
resultsOur multicenter cohort included 1796 patients, of whom, 1351 (75%) had high-grade T1, 869 (48%) had multiple tumors, and 637 (35%) had tumors arising from bladder neck or trigone. On multivariable analysis, trigone or bladder neck involvement (hazard ratio, HR: 1.24, 95% confidence interval, CI 1.02-1.49) was independently associated with worse HG-RFS. This was confirmed in a PSM analysis, which also showed worse PFS (HR: 1.45, 95% CI 1.00-2.09) and HG-RFS (HR: 1.40, 95% CI 1.08-1.82). In the SEER cohort, trigone (HR: 1.22, 95% CI 1.09-1.38) and bladder neck (HR:1.37, 95% CI 1.19-1.58) tumors were independently associated with worse CSS compared with other locations.
conclusionsInvolvement of the bladder trigone or neck is an independent prognostic factor for worse oncological outcomes in high-grade NMIBC. Further studies are needed to elucidate underlying mechanisms and determine the clinical implications for treatment decision-making.
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