Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41862540›Full record

ArticleCommunications biology2026

An endoplasmic reticulum membrane-mimetic GPC3 mRNA nanovaccine for specific immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Tian Zeng, Qing Gao, Jun Qu, Runshu Fu, Cong Huang, Yuqing Wang, Zhuoyi Rong, Pei Guo, Haitao Zhang, Hua Wei and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Communications biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Tian Zeng *Hengyang Medical School, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
Qing Gao *Hengyang Medical School, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
Jun Qu *Hengyang Medical School, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
Runshu FuHengyang Medical School, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
Cong HuangHengyang Medical School, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-1763-9747
Yuqing WangHengyang Medical School, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
Zhuoyi RongHengyang Medical School, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
Pei GuoHengyang Medical School, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
Haitao ZhangHengyang Medical School, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, China. zhanghaitao@usc.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6082-973X
Hua WeiHengyang Medical School, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, China. weih@usc.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5139-9387
Cui-Yun YuHengyang Medical School, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, China. yucuiyunusc@hotmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2076-6228

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 82373826
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Dendritic cell-targeting mRNA vaccines exhibit robust antitumor immune activation, however, their therapeutic efficacy remains unsatisfactory due to multiple delivery challenges, including carrier complexity, biomaterial toxicity, nucleic acid instability, and endosomal entrapment, which collectively compromise both safety and treatment outcomes. Here, we report the construction of poly T-modified poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles to condense an HCC-specific GPC3 mRNA with a unique poly(A) tail via hydrogen bonding interactions between A-T base pairs, affording P-(H)-m that further undergoes endoplasmic reticulum membrane camouflage to produce the target biomimetic vaccine, P-(H)-m@EMLN. The endoplasmic reticulum membrane enables P-(H)-m@EMLN with simultaneously enhanced endosomal escape properties and immunogenicity, which leads to a high tumor inhibition ratio (TIR) of 98.8% and long-term immunity activation in a Hepa1-6 tumor-bearing mouse model. Overall, this study reports the mRNA vaccine, P-(H)-m@EMLN via hydrogen bonding interactions between the poly T sequence of polymeric carrier and poly A tail of mRNA for robust immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Indexed as

Cancer VaccinesCarcinoma, HepatocellularEndoplasmic ReticulumGlypicansImmunotherapyLiver NeoplasmsRNA, MessengerAnimalsCell Line, TumorFemaleHumansMiceNanoparticlesNanovaccinesCancer VaccinesGlypicansGPC3 protein, humanNanovaccinesRNA, Messenger

Identifiers

PMID41862540
PMCPMC13168355

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.