Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41862481›Full record

ArticleScientific data2026

A dataset of the smart governance index for Chinese cities.

Lu Song, Zhihao He, Yinghao Pan, Haijun Yue

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific data, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Lu SongSchool of Smart Governance, Renmin University of China, Suzhou, China.
Zhihao HeSchool of Public Administration and Policy, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China.
Yinghao PanNational Academy of Development and Strategy, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4363-9619
Haijun YueSchool of Business, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China. yuehaijun@ruc.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cities worldwide are rapidly adopting smart governance strategies to address complex urban challenges, yet systematic measurement of their effectiveness remains limited. This study develops and applies a comprehensive Smart Governance Index (SGI) to evaluate governance transformation across 296 Chinese cities from 2017 to 2023. Our framework integrates three critical dimensions of urban governance: the Value Objectives Sub-index (VOS) that establishes normative goals and strategic priorities; the System Applications Sub-index (SAS) that delivers governance services through operational platforms; and the Institutional-Technical Support Sub-index (ITSS) that provides the underlying infrastructure and organizational capacity. This multidimensional assessment reveals substantial heterogeneity in smart governance adoption and effectiveness across Chinese cities, with global implications for urban policy design. The initial version of the dataset includes SGI and its sub-indices for 296 Chinese cities from 2017 to 2023, with annual updates planned. The spatiotemporal patterns identified demonstrate how cities at different development stages can optimize their governance pathways, offering insights for achieving sustainable urban transformation in diverse contexts.

Identifiers

PMID41862481
PMCPMC13168629

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.