ArticleCell2026
Controlled human influenza infection reveals heterogeneous expulsion of infectious virus into air.
Article in Cell, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Upper respiratory tract CD8+ tissue-resident memory T cells protect against viral transmission.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Differential requirements for cytokine signaling and local antigen in upper versus lower respiratory tract CD8+ TRM development.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Longitudinal analysis of influenza A virus deletion-containing viral genomes reveals key determinants of co-evolutionary dynamics and interference.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Loss of Infectivity of Influenza Virus and SARS-CoV‑2 during Aerosol Sampling.Environmental science & technology letters · 2026Article
- Evaluating modes of influenza transmission (EMIT-2): Insights from lack of transmission in a controlled transmission trial with naturally infected donors.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Heterogeneity of Airborne Virus Transmission in the Built Environment: A Narrative Review.Pathogens & immunity · 2026Review
- Evaluating Modes of Influenza Transmission (EMIT-2): Insights from a Controlled Human Influenza Virus Infection Transmission Trial (CHIVITT).medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
29 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Influenza virus is transmitted via respiratory expulsions, but detecting infectious virus in expulsions is challenging. Here, we describe quantification and genotyping of infectious virus in respiratory particles using a modular influenza sampling tunnel (MIST). The particles deposit on cell monolayers, enabling culture, quantification, and sequencing of viruses. Concomitantly, water-sensitive paper and fine particle samplers yield respiratory particle counts over a broad size range. Using the MIST, we captured infectious virus from humans experimentally infected with the influenza virus on multiple days post-inoculation. The recovered respiratory particles varied in quantity over three orders of magnitude and contained viral variants also detected in samples from infected individuals. Expulsion of infectious virus was associated with infectious viral load in saliva and nasopharyngeal swabs and with clinical symptoms. These data reveal maintenance of viral diversity in expelled aerosols and suggest heterogeneity among individuals in the magnitude of infectious expulsions, impacting forward transmission potential.
Indexed as
Identifiers
41861822What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.