Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41861768›Full record

ArticleAddictive behaviors2026

Stimulant use predicts high-risk substance use behaviors during medication treatment for opioid use disorder.

Elise N Marino, Curtis Bone, Matthew C Perez, Roberto C Robles, Jennifer S Potter

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Addictive behaviors, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Elise N MarinoBe Well Institute on Substance Use and Related Disorders, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 5109 Medical Drive, MC8350, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, MC7792, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA. Electronic address: marinoe@uthscsa.edu.
Curtis BoneBe Well Institute on Substance Use and Related Disorders, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 5109 Medical Drive, MC8350, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, MC7843, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
Matthew C PerezBe Well Institute on Substance Use and Related Disorders, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 5109 Medical Drive, MC8350, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
Roberto C RoblesBe Well Institute on Substance Use and Related Disorders, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 5109 Medical Drive, MC8350, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
Jennifer S PotterBe Well Institute on Substance Use and Related Disorders, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 5109 Medical Drive, MC8350, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, MC7792, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.

Funding

CTSA K12 Program at The University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioK12TR004529 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER · PI ALISON G CAHILL, JOEL TSEVAT · 2023 to 2026
$4.1M
NCATS NIH HHS K12 TR004529
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe fourth wave of the overdose epidemic has been characterized by co-utilization of opioids and stimulants. This combined use is associated with high-risk behaviors, including heroin and intravenous drug use. Because research in real-world settings is limited, the objective of this study was to examine the impact of stimulant use before and during treatment for opioid use disorder on high-risk behaviors (intravenous opioid or stimulant use, heroin use).

methodThe current study included patients who initiated either methadone or buprenorphine from a statewide network of providers in Texas from May 20, 2020 to August 31, 2024. They were all uninsured/underinsured and living below the federal poverty line. We utilized two logistic regressions to examine whether stimulant use before or during treatment predicted heroin use or intravenous stimulant or opioid use.

resultsIn total, 2848 patients were included in this study (M

conclusionsSeparately analyzing stimulant use at treatment initiation and during treatment indicated a time-specific association between stimulant use and high-risk behaviors. Addressing stimulant use concurrent with opioid use will help reduce high-risk behaviors and may improve the prognosis of those using opioids and stimulants.

Indexed as

Central Nervous System StimulantsHeroin DependenceOpiate Substitution TreatmentOpioid-Related DisordersRisk-TakingSubstance Abuse, IntravenousAdultBuprenorphineFemaleHumansMaleMethadoneMiddle AgedTexasBuprenorphineCentral Nervous System StimulantsMethadoneBuprenorphineHeroinIntravenous drug useMethadoneOpioidsStimulants

Identifiers

PMID41861768
PMCPMC13495098

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.