Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41860999›Full record

ArticleScience advances2026

Superabundant microRNAs are transcribed from human rDNA spacer promoters insulated by CTCF.

Steven Henikoff, Jorja G Henikoff

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Steven HenikoffBasic Science Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7621-8685
Jorja G HenikoffBasic Science Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7670-5101

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

microRNAs are ~22-nucleotide RNAs processed from primary transcripts and exported from the nucleus to repress gene expression by base-pairing to mRNAs. Unexpectedly, we find that the highest levels of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) at human microRNA genes are within the ribosomal gene repeat arrays (rDNAs). Alignment of public nascent transcript data to the hs1 human genome assembly reveals a 50-nucleotide transcript for both miR-1275 and miR-6724, which exits from the nucleus with exceptional rapidity. We show that the miR-1275/miR-6724 transcription unit is closely flanked by CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) within a <400-bp span of the rDNA spacer promoter. miR-1275/miR-6724 and microRNA precursors expressed from the 5' external transcribed spacer (5'ETS) are exported independently of known RNA processing activities and are detected in exosomes and as circulating cancer biomarkers. We propose that the rDNA spacer promoter and 5'ETS microRNA genes have evolved for general regulatory functions in recipient cells.

Indexed as

CCCTC-Binding FactorDNA, RibosomalMicroRNAsPromoter Regions, GeneticTranscription, GeneticExosomesHumansRNA Polymerase IICCCTC-Binding FactorCTCF protein, humanDNA, RibosomalMicroRNAsRNA Polymerase II

Identifiers

PMID41860999
PMCPMC13004009

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.