ArticleClinical rheumatology2026
CD161⁺ Treg as a potential biomarker for evaluating disease activity and treatment efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis.
Article in Clinical rheumatology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- NKR-P1A/CD161: A Multifunctional Immune Receptor at the Crossroads of Antitumor Immunity.Biomolecules · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCD161⁺ regulatory T cells (Tregs) are involved in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the levels of circulating CD161⁺ Tregs in RA patients and to evaluate their associations with clinical features, laboratory indicators, and therapeutic responses.
methodsA total of 172 RA patients meeting the 2010 ACR/EULAR criteria and 110 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. The proportion of CD161⁺ Tregs in peripheral blood was quantified by flow cytometry. Correlations between CD161⁺ Treg levels and clinical manifestations, laboratory parameters, and disease activity scores (DAS28) were assessed. Twenty-four RA patients were longitudinally followed to assess post-treatment changes in CD161⁺ Tregs and disease activity.
resultsThe proportions of CD161⁺ Tregs of the total Treg and CD4⁺ T cell populations were significantly elevated in RA patients compared to HCs (P < 0.001). Higher CD161⁺ Treg levels were associated with smoking history (P = 0.033) and inversely correlated with the presence of dry eye sicca (P = 0.030). These subsets showed positive correlations with IgA, IgM, rheumatoid factor (RF), RF-IgG, TNF-α
conclusionCD161⁺ Tregs are elevated in RA and associated with disease activity and immunologic indicators. CD161⁺ Tregs might serve as a biomarker for assessing RA disease activity. Key Points • The proportion of circulating CD161⁺ regulatory T cells is significantly increased in rheumatoid arthritis patients compared to healthy controls. • Higher CD161⁺ Treg levels correlate positively with disease activity scores (DAS28-ESR) and key serological markers (RF, IgA, IgM). • CD161⁺ Treg levels decreased significantly following effective therapy, paralleling reductions in disease activity, particularly in the group receiving csDMARDs combined with tocilizumab. • CD161⁺ Tregs show positive correlations with pro-inflammatory cells (TNF-α+CD4+T cell, Th17) and peripheral T follicular helper cells, underscoring their role in RA immunopathology.
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