Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41859763›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental science and ecotechnology2026

Extracellular vesicles drive stress-induced antibiotic resistance spread in soil.

Yi-Fei Qin, Wan-Rong Zhang, Lu Wang, Yi-Fei Wang, Da Lin, Tian-Gui Cai, Hong-Zhe Li, Qian-Sheng Huang, Matthias C Rillig, Dong Zhu

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental science and ecotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Yi-Fei QinState Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.
Wan-Rong ZhangYunnan Provincial Key Lab of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
Lu WangState Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.
Yi-Fei WangState Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.
Da LinState Key Laboratory for Ecological Security of Regions and Cities, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.
Tian-Gui CaiCollege of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
Hong-Zhe LiState Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
Qian-Sheng HuangState Key Laboratory for Ecological Security of Regions and Cities, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.
Matthias C RilligInstitute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, 14195, Germany.
Dong ZhuState Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance threatens millions of lives annually, yet its acceleration by non-antibiotic pollutants remains poorly understood. Artificial sweeteners, now ubiquitous in soils and waters, are known individually to promote conjugative transfer of resistance genes, but real environments contain complex mixtures whose collective impact is unknown. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by stressed bacteria serve as protected, long-range vectors for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), yet whether sweetener diversity modulates this pathway has never been tested. Here we show that increasing artificial-sweetener diversity dramatically enriches ARGs, virulence factors and mobile genetic elements inside soil-derived Evs, driving compositional shifts in 30.5% of EV-associated genera while leaving the bulk microbiome largely undisturbed. EVs originate from a small, fast-growing Pseudomonadota subset that upregulates vesicle-biogenesis genes in response to oxidative and membrane stress; these vesicles selectively package chromosomal resistance traits and transfer phenotypic resistance to recipient

Indexed as

Antibiotic resistomeArtificial sweetener diversityExtracellular vesiclesHuman healthSoil microbiome

Identifiers

PMID41859763
PMCPMC12997201

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.