ArticleCureus2026
Comparative Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Three Universal Bonding Agents Against Streptococcus mutans on Demineralized Dentin: An In Vitro Study.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
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Abstract
introductionSecondary caries remains a leading cause of restoration failure, often resulting from residual bacteria persisting in demineralized dentin after minimally invasive cavity preparation. The incorporation of inherent antibacterial properties into universal bonding agents might offer a promising strategy to reduce this risk without additional disinfection steps. The aim of this in vitro study was to comparatively evaluate the antibacterial activity of three universal bonding agents against MATERIALS AND
methodsA total of 150 dentin blocks (4 mm × 4 mm, ~200 µm thick) were prepared from extracted human permanent molars, sterilized, and demineralized in 0.2 M sodium acetate buffer (pH 3.0) for four weeks, followed by washing in 0.02 M phosphate-buffered saline for one week. Each block was inoculated with 0.2 µL of
resultsA statistically significant difference was observed between groups (F = 425.5, p = 0.001). The positive control (0.2% chlorhexidine) demonstrated the greatest bacterial reduction, followed by the universal bonding agents, which were significantly superior to that of the negative control (p = 0.001). Among the adhesives, Tetric N-Bond Universal exhibited significantly stronger antibacterial activity than One Coat 7.0 Universal (p = 0.024), whereas Single Bond Universal showed intermediate efficacy. All bonding agents achieved substantial CFU reduction relative to saline but remained inferior to chlorhexidine.
conclusionUniversal bonding agents possess inherent antibacterial properties against
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