Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41859139›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026

Influence of airway pressure release ventilation on pulmonary gas exchange using ventilatory ratio.

Emre Kiratlar, Patrick Rehn, Benjamin Neetz, Lars Reinhardt, Markus Alexander Weigand, Christoph Lichtenstern, Werner Schmidt, Armin Kalenka, Mascha O Fiedler-Kalenka

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Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Emre Kiratlar *Department of Anesthesiology, Medical Faculty, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Patrick Rehn *Department of Anesthesiology, Medical Faculty, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Benjamin NeetzDepartment of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Thoraxklinik, Translational Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Lars ReinhardtDepartment of Anesthesiology, Medical Faculty, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Markus Alexander WeigandDepartment of Anesthesiology, Medical Faculty, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Christoph LichtensternDepartment of Anesthesiology, Medical Faculty, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Werner SchmidtDepartment of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Thoraxklinik, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Armin KalenkaDepartment of Anesthesiology, Medical Faculty, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Mascha O Fiedler-KalenkaDepartment of Anesthesiology, Medical Faculty, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic led to a surge in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) cases. Despite important advances in ventilation strategies, ARDS mortality remains high. Airway Pressure Release Ventilation (APRV), especially when used according to the Time-Controlled Adaptive Ventilation (TCAV) protocol, has shown potential in improving oxygenation and reducing mortality in ARDS. Methods: This retrospective dual-center study included patients with moderate to severe ARDS, who were treated with APRV or Low Tidal Volume Ventilation (LTVV) between January 2018 and March 2022. Individuals receiving APRV for at least 72 h after previously receiving LTVV were analyzed in further detail. PaO Results: Out of 107 patients, 48 received APRV. In 27 cases, APRV was applied according to TCAV-protocol. APRV was often used late in treatment or as a rescue therapy. Regarding the primary ventilation strategy, there was no significant difference in survival between APRV (44%) and LTVV (42%). In patients receiving APRV for at least 72 h after being initially ventilated with LTVV ( Conclusion: APRV demonstrated potential in improving gas exchange and ventilation efficiency in ARDS patients, particularly when used early and according to TCAV. However, no survival benefit was observed. The study's retrospective design and heterogeneity in APRV application limit its conclusions.

Indexed as

acute respiratory distress syndromeCOVID-19mechanical ventilationtime-controlled adaptive ventilationventilatory ratio

Identifiers

PMID41859139
PMCPMC12996203

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.