Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41859106›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026

Kashaf Zafar, Onyedikachi C Azuama, Linda H Xu, Lorenzo Giacani, Nikhat Parveen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Putative mechanisms of ocular inflammation in syphilis.Journal of ophthalmic inflammation and infection · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

  • Update of
    2026
5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Kashaf Zafar *Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States.
Onyedikachi C Azuama *Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States.
Linda H XuDivision of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
Lorenzo GiacaniDivision of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
Nikhat ParveenDepartment of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States.

Funding

Functional assessment of TprC/D and TprK proteins of syphilis causing spirochete, Treponema pallidumR21AI151336 · NIAID · RUTGERS BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES · PI PARVEEN, NIKHAT · 2021 to 2022
$432k
NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI151336
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Methods: In this study, the localization and functional roles of TprD and TprK were investigated using a heterologous spirochete expression system and a gain-of-function approach by employing a non-infectious, non-adherent Results: Both TprD and TprK were found to be surface exposed in engineered Conclusion: Our findings here demonstrate that TprD and TprK function as

Indexed as

Adhesins, BacterialBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsPhagocytosisSyphilisTreponema pallidumAnimalsBorrelia burgdorferiCell LineHumansMacrophagesMiceOpsonin ProteinsOpsonizationAdhesins, BacterialBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsOpsonin ProteinsadherenceopsonophagocytosissyphilisTprDTprKTreponema pallidum

Identifiers

PMID41859106
PMCPMC12997132

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.